Car Profiles - Honda Accord (1994-1998)

1994-1998 Honda Accord

The Good: Great engine pull, driving characteristics

The Bad: Maintaining one can be expensive

The Say: Still a premium in the second hand market.

Go For: 2.2 VTi
Avoid: 2.2 VTi-S

Price Range: P95,000-P180,000
Our Rating: ****

Related Reviews: 
None as of the Moment

Seat Leon, 2013

 
 
 
  •  Seat Leon, 2013

SEAT is entering a new era: The new Leon is a simply stunning car - with its unique, emotional design, with its dynamic sporting character, with its compelling package of innovative technologies and with its refined quality and premium elegance.

The third generation of the SEAT Leon is an all-new car developed from the ground up. Its predecessors stood for driving fun and outstanding functionality - a tradition that the new SEAT Leon will most certainly continue. Like its predecessor, the new SEAT Leon is also built at the Martorell factory near Barcelona in Spain. Since the premiere of the first-generation Leon in 1999, SEAT has sold 1.2 million vehicles from this highly successful range.

The new SEAT Leon is a strong and emotional personality - it is the most beautiful way to drive a functional car. The five-door is packed full of high-end technologies - in its infotainment, its assistance systems, its running gear and its drive. The engines combine effortless performance with exemplary efficiency.

Every single power unit, all of them state-of-the-art TDI and TSI engines, are the best in their class in fuel consumption and emissions. The highlight is the Leon 1.6 TDI with start/stop system - its average fuel consumption is just 3.8 litres per 100 kilometres, equating to 99 grams of CO2 per kilometre.

The inclusion of optional full-LED headlamps is a truly pioneering move by SEAT. Setting the pace by example, the new Leon makes this technology available in the compact segment for the very first time. The full-LED headlamps combine sleek design with outstanding illumination. Light-emitting diodes consume very little energy and are extremely long lasting. The colour temperature of 5,500 Kelvin places their light very close to daylight thus placing less strain on the eyes.

The new SEAT Leon also offers a compelling level of functionality. Within its compact dimensions it offers more usable interior space than the previous model, while the premium materials and perfect workmanship put the Leon at the forefront of the competitive field. The modern touchscreen infotainment systems mean that it is already well prepared to face the future.

It low kerb weight is one of the SEAT Leon's greatest strengths; compared with the previous model, it has been reduced by up to 90 kilograms. In its base version, the new Leon weighs in at just 1,113 kilograms.

The Design - simply stunning
The new SEAT Leon is a highly emotional automobile that cuts a fine figure from the very first glance. Inspired by the IBE, IBL and IBX concept vehicles, the new SEAT Leon brings more excitement to the road. The all-new car looks simply stunning from every angle, with an enormously appealing, sporty aesthetic.

The new Leon marks the careful development of the SEAT design identity; the execution of clear lines and taut surfaces displays vitality and precision. Even the tiniest detail expresses the high standards and the quality applied to the design and development of the new SEAT Leon - standards met by very few vehicle manufacturers. Clear, minimalistic design and precision build quality are among SEAT's core values. These are also clear for all to see in the new SEAT logo. The new Leon is the first SEAT to bear the brand's new logo; on the front end, wheels, rear end and steering wheel.

The new SEAT Leon is extremely well proportioned. The visual weight of the passenger cell has been shifted slightly over the rear wheels, with a very smooth transition from the front wing to the passenger cell. All of the surfaces have a strong sculptural appeal that reinforces the effects of light and shade and adds to the three-dimensional effect.

Viewed from the side, the surfaces of the new SEAT Leon are honed and precisely modelled. The characteristic, interrupted "Línea Dinámica" stretches rearwards over the wheel arches - straining under tension like a well-trained muscle. Characteristic for the Leon are the trapezoidal C-pillar and the short third window reaching up towards the rear.

The rear end of the new SEAT Leon is modelled crisply and features a large, new SEAT logo that serves to open the rear hatch. The slightly wedge-shaped rear lights underscore the breadth of the car and are also available as an option using LED technology (standard in FR trim). The Leon FR further emphasises its sporty character with a distinctive diffuser insert and two large, chromed end pipes.

At 4.24 metres, the new SEAT Leon is around five centimetres shorter than its predecessor, yet the wheelbase has grown by almost six centimetres. This improves its overall proportions and posture on the road, allowing short overhangs as well as enhancing the car's stance on its wheels. Despite its shorter length, its clever packaging means that interior space - both in the cabin and in the trunk are improved.

Typical of the new SEAT design language is the angular line of the lights, which are perfectly integrated into the Leon's sculptural form. For the first time in the compact class, full-LED lights are available. The LED headlamps illuminate the road ahead with a light that exerts virtually no strain on the eyes, while intelligent sensors avoid dazzling oncoming traffic. The new high-end headlamps are maintenance free and lend the Leon's face an unmistakable look, especially due to their distinctive LED daytime running lights.

The Interior - premium, spacious and flexible
The sporty and athletic design of the SEAT Leon's exterior continues into the interior. The select materials have an exceptionally premium look and feel - everything is clear, light and uncluttered. Because the wheelbase is 58 millimetres longer than that of the previous model, the new SEAT Leon offers even more space for driver, passengers and luggage.

Some versions of the new SEAT Leon are equipped with premium ambient lighting. In the FR version, LEDs mounted in the door panel enhance the contours of the interior design, adding even more style and elegance to the cabin. As well as providing occupants with improved orientation, the ambient lighting also creates an even more pleasant feeling of space.

The Cockpit
From the outset of the project, SEAT's designers and engineers paid particularly close attention to the expectations of customers in the Leon's segment. Recognising that the promise of the Leon's exterior design had to be continued inside, the design and, in particular, the choice of materials and the overall fit and finish of the interior were considered high priorities.

The overall ambience that greets the driver and front seat passenger is of a simple, harmonious design that is uncomplicated and minimalist.

The key feature is the broad centre console, arranged with a clear orientation towards the driver. The instrument panel is elegant, with its two-tone design making it seem almost to float. Fine details highlight the very high level of workmanship in the new SEAT Leon - such as the large air vents, the easy-to-understand air conditioning controls and the three-dimensional trim elements. All surfaces have a soft-touch finish for a satisfying tactile experience. In some versions, the premium feel is further enhanced through fine chrome and leather applications.

All the switches, buttons and controls in the new SEAT Leon are located exactly where the driver would expect them to be. The large instrument dials are easy to read and the driver information system is standard equipment in many versions. Multi-function controls are available for the finely executed steering wheel, which sports the new SEAT logo at its centre.

The display for the on-board computer is located between the two analogue instrument dials, directly in the driver's line of sight and provides information on average fuel consumption, range and speed. Depending on the model version, it also shows data from the navigation system, the driver assistance systems and a mobile phone connected via Bluetooth.

All information and entertainment systems have been designed and developed completely from scratch. The new SEAT Leon introduces the first touchscreen generation to incorporate a proximity sensor (5.8-inch screen).

Storage
In designing the new SEAT Leon, functionality and flexibility were both given a high priority. There are no less than a dozen stowage facilities and five closed storage bins in the doors and centre console, as well as in front of and between the front seats. It is always easy to find a place for those small things that are a necessary part of everyday life.

The front stowage compartment in the centre console offers plenty of space for quick and easy stowage of keys, mobile phone and other everyday items. This is also the place to find the optional points for connecting multimedia devices (via aux-in, USB, SD and an iPod cable) to the vehicle network.

Front seats
The newly developed seats are low-slung and sporty. Height adjustability comes as standard and they are extremely comfortable for people of all statures. They provide the best possible grip during dynamic driving and are very comfortable over long distances. These characteristics were achieved by ergonomic shaping of the foam contours, as well as further improvements to the spring and damping characteristics of the cold-foam cushions. A large selection of premium fabrics, leather and Alcantara provide upholstery to suit every individual preference.

Weight was saved during the development of the standard-fit driver and passenger side airbags, which are now installed without plastic housings. Instead, the folded airbags are now integrated into the seat backs. The weight saving of 25 percent is paired with a significant improvement in protection.

Reference (for fleet customers) and Style grades come with optional lumbar support for the driver. Driver seat height adjustment is standard on all trims, and passenger seat height adjustment is optional in Reference and standard in Style. All these additional long-distance comfort features are standard equipment for the FR.

The second-row seats and luggage compartment
In the rear of the new SEAT Leon, too, shoulder, knee and head room are extremely generous. The comfortable rear bench is equipped with three head restraints. In the interests of the very youngest passengers, standard equipment includes Isofix and Top Tether anchors for child seats. Thanks to systematic lightweight design, the rear bench back rest is approximately 15 percent lighter than in the previous model - without any sacrifice in comfort.

The luggage compartment of the new SEAT Leon has a capacity of 380 litres, which is exactly 39 litres more than in the previous model.

The rear bench back rest is extremely straightforward to fold forward - and comes with a 60:40 split as of the Reference line. Once folded forward, the load floor is almost completely flat and measures 1,558 millimetres in length.

The Bodyshell - lightweight and solid
Its low kerb weight is one of the great strength of the new SEAT Leon; compared with the preceding model, it is down by 90 kilograms. In its base version, the new Leon weighs just 1,113 kilograms.

High-strength and ultra-high-strength steels
A bodyshell that offers optimum safety and the best possible comfort has to be solid. An intelligent structure guarantees that the vehicle remains lightweight and efficient. Lightweight solidity - SEAT set itself this challenge and equipped the new Leon with an utterly state-of-the-art body-in-white. With an eye on optimum value for money, costly materials like magnesium and carbon fibre were avoided - instead, the bodyshell features a high proportion of high-strength and ultra-high-strength steels. The hot-formed hi-tech steels alone reduce weight by 18 kilograms, while ensuring increased passenger cell stiffness.

The excellent bodyshell stiffness lays the groundwork for the high production quality, for the precise handling and for the quiet passenger cabin, virtually undisturbed by unpleasant frequencies. Thanks to careful insulation, the interior of the new SEAT Leon is as quiet as that of a car from the next class up. Its aerodynamic refinements include the underbody cladding and the airflow through the engine bay.

In total, the body-in-white of the new Leon is lighter by 25 kilograms. Systematic lightweight design extends across every one of the vehicle's sub-assemblies - many parts in the engines, running gear and interior also contribute to weight reduction.

The Drive - powerful and efficient
SEAT sends the new Leon into battle with powerful and fuel-efficient TDI and TSI power units ranging from 1.2 to 2.0 litres displacement. All engines feature direct injection with turbocharging and have been optimised for low internal friction and rapid warm-up. Sporty power and ground-breaking efficiency are what set the new engine generation in the SEAT Leon apart. Compared with their respective predecessors, fuel consumption is down by up to 22 percent.

For the first time, all engines offered at market launch are available with a start/stop system - the 1.6 TDI with 77 kW (105 PS), the 2.0 TDI with 110 kW (150 PS) and the 1.4 TSI with both 90 kW (122 PS) and 103kW (140PS).

Start/stop and recuperation system
All the engines in the new SEAT Leon use the latest efficiency technologies. The start/stop system deactivates the engine when the car is at a standstill with the gearstick in neutral and the clutch disengaged. On re-engaging gear, a more powerful starter motor restarts the engine - quietly, smoothly and quickly. The start/stop system, which can be deactivated by the driver at any time, also works perfectly with the DSG transmission. Thanks to a very powerful battery with an excellent cycle life, the system remains active even under extremely cold winter conditions. The start/stop system saves up to four percent of fuel per 100 kilometres.

The recuperation system, a further efficiency measure in the new SEAT Leon, uses intelligent voltage regulation in the alternator to recover energy under braking and trailing throttle conditions. This is temporarily stored in the battery, flowing back into the vehicle electric system when the car subsequently accelerates. This takes the load off the alternator by enabling it to run from time-to-time on a lower voltage or to be switched off entirely. It draws less power from the engine, resulting in lower fuel consumption.

The transmission
When it comes to transferring power to the wheels, the transmissions on offer vary in accordance with the engine and range from a five or six-speed manual to the compact and lightweight dual-clutch gearbox. It changes its six or seven gears in a matter of milliseconds and is incredibly efficient. Certain variants come with a freewheeling function, which reduces real-life fuel consumption even further.

The TDI engines
The 1.6 TDI available at market launch with 77 kW (105 PS) generates 250 Nm of torque from a displacement of 1,598 cm3. In the version with the start/stop and recuperation system, it consumes just 3.8 litres of diesel per 100 kilometres in the NEDC, which equates to 99 grams of CO2 per kilometre.

The 2.0 TDI equipped with the start/stop consumes an average of just 4.1 litres of fuel per 100 kilometres. With 110 kW (150 PS) and 320 Nm of torque, the TDI engine with a displacement of 1,968 cm3 provides the new SEAT Leon with ample propulsion.

In early 2013, the diesel range will be further enhanced by the 1.6 TDI with 66 kW (90 PS) and 230 Nm of torque. It will consume 4.1 litres per 100 kilometres and emit 108 grams of CO2 per kilometre. The highlight of the TDI range will be a 2.0-litre unit, producing 184PS and 380Nm, that will join the range later in 2013.

The TSI engines
The TSI engines in the new SEAT Leon start with the 1.4 TSI. The modern, turbocharged power unit features direct injection and produces 90 kW (122 PS) and 200 Nm of torque. The engine is equipped as standard with the start/stop and recuperation system and consumes just 5.2 litres of Super petrol per 100 kilometres, equating to 120 grams of CO2 per kilometre.

Early 2013 sees the arrival of the 1.2 TSI in two versions with 63 kW (86 PS) and 77 kW (105 PS).

Also in early 2013, a 1.4 TSI with an output of 103 kW (140 PS) and torque of 250Nm will join the engine line-up of the new SEAT Leon. It will return fuel consumption figures of 5.2 litres per 100 kilometres and a CO2 figure of 119 grams per kilometre. The pinnacle of the TSI engine range will be a 1.8 producing 180PS and 250Nm. This engine will join the line-up later in 2013.

Chassis - performance with comfort
The running gear of the new SEAT Leon has a sporty and agile character. The suspension smoothes out all manner of surface defects, while the steering conveys refined, calm directionality with a fine degree of feedback.

The new SEAT Leon uses an all-new vehicle architecture that has been developed from scratch. Its engines are all angled at 12 degrees to the rear. This and the compact engine layout enabled engineers to move the front axle forward by 40 millimetres. The results are a longer wheelbase and a well-balanced distribution of axle load - factors that have a major impact on the comfort and sporty handling of the new SEAT Leon.

At the front are MacPherson struts on a subframe. The compact five-door responds quickly and precisely to steering input, mastering all manner of bends and corners with relaxed stability. The ratio of the new speed-sensitive electromechanical power steering is sporty and direct. It makes a significant contribution to the efficiency of the new Leon because it consumes no energy during straight-line driving. The turning circle measures just 10.2 metres.

On engine versions up to 110 kW (150 PS), the rear of the new SEAT Leon is equipped with a twist-beam axle suspension. The more powerful variants use a multi-link set-up that handles longitudinal and transverse forces independently from one another. Shock absorbers and coil springs are mounted separately to deliver a particularly refined response. An electronic transverse differential lock applies tiny braking impulses to the lighter inside front wheel to make handling at the cornering limits safer and even more fluid. The ESP electronic stability program has been perfectly adapted, while the braking system on the new SEAT Leon is also a match for even the toughest conditions.

The SEAT Drive Profile
The character of the new Leon FR can be individualised to suit both mood and situation: The SEAT Drive Profile enables the driver to vary the characteristics of the power steering, engine response and DSG transmission in three modes - eco, comfort and sport, plus an additional individual setting. The SEAT Drive Profile in the Leon FR will also influence the engine sound (1.8 TSI 180PS and 2.0 TDI 184PS engines only), which is modulated via a sound actuator, as well as the interior ambient lighting - depending on driving style, the door-mounted LEDs switch between white (comfort, eco and individual) and red (sport).

The Technologies - ground-breaking and practical
Packed into the new SEAT Leon are a whole host of innovations. It combines dynamic design with state-of-the-art technologies. The optional full-LED headlamps are a true first in the compact class, while the up-to-the-minute operating system SEAT Easy Connect works with a touchscreen measuring up to 5.8 inches.

The full-LED headlamps
The SEAT Leon makes innovative, full-LED headlights available in the compact class for the very first time. Alongside their distinctive design, LED headlamps have numerous other benefits. For example, they illuminate the road ahead with a colour temperature of 5,500 Kelvin. Because this is very close to daylight, it is extremely gentle on the eyes. And, when it comes to efficiency, the LEDs emit their light with minimal energy consumption - dipped beam, for instance, consumes just 20 watts per unit.

The distinctive contour of the positioning and daytime running lights on the new SEAT Leon is created by two white LEDs per unit, their light channelled to create the distinctive light signature. Nine yellow LEDs on each side create the indicator lights, which are also integrated into the headlamps units. Each dipped beam is made up of six modules. When full beam is switched on, an additional three powerful spot modules are activated on each side, while the dipped beam is raised to match. Intelligent sensors ensure that oncoming traffic is not dazzled. In addition to all this, the new full-LED headlamps are completely maintenance free and designed to last the lifetime of the vehicle.

Within the functionality of the full-LEDs, the angle of the beam is raised when the car has been travelling above 110km/h for more than 30 seconds, giving improved visibility over a longer distance, but without disturbing the view of oncoming traffic.

SEAT Easy Connect - modern and flexible
SEAT is offering a wide selection of state-of-the-art infotainment solutions in the new Leon. The foundation for this is the SEAT Easy Connect operating system, which enables the control of entertainment and communication functions, in addition to numerous vehicle functions, via a cockpit touchscreen. Measuring up to 5.8 inches, the touchscreen and its associated buttons and rotary controls are located centrally in a convenient position between the central air vents. It is easy to read and to reach for both driver and front seat passenger.

For the first time, SEAT is using a touch-sensitive screen with proximity sensor (5.8-inch screen). As soon as the driver's or passenger's finger approaches the touchscreen, the system automatically switches from display to operating mode. In operating mode, the elements that can be activated via the touchscreen are brought to the fore, making intuitive use (smartphone-style swipe and zoom gestures) even easier. The display mode, on the other hand, is distinguished by its extremely clear and uncluttered presentation. The graphics of both modes are a perfect match for the sporty aesthetic of the SEAT design.

Media System Touch (5-inch): The entry level is the Media System Touch with a 5-inch touchscreen, radio with SD-card slot and four speakers. External devices for playing individual playlists can be connected via USB or aux-in points. Arranged evenly on the left and right of the touchscreen are six buttons that activate the functions "Radio", "Media", "Car", "Setup", "Sound" and "Mute". The Media System Touch is standard equipment with the Reference equipment line.

Media System Colour (5-inch): In the Style and FR, the Media System Colour with SD Card reader and CD drive (MP3 capable) and six speakers is part of the standard equipment. It connects to external devices via Bluetooth, USB or aux-in. Its colour, 5-inch touchscreen also serves to control vehicle functions.

Media System Plus (5.8-inch): The Media System Plus comes with a 5.8-inch touchscreen with three-dimensional graphics, as well as an optional DAB tuner for digital radio reception and voice control. The system delivers sound to six or eight speakers. Evenly arranged to the left and right of the touchscreen are eight buttons. In addition to those provided with the 5-inch systems and depending on equipment, they provide access to the functions "Phone" and "Voice". The SD card, USB and iPod connector can be found in the glovebox, while the screen provides high definition and a large palette of colours.

Navi System (5.8-inch): The top solution is the same as Media System Plus, but also incorporates a voice activitated navigation system. Route guidance information is also displayed on the colour screen between the speedometer and rev counter, directly in the driver's line of sight.

The SEAT sound system
The optional SEAT sound system with 135 watt output and ten speakers offers a clear and powerful sound at all five seats. A large proportion of this impressive listening experience is attributable to the centre speaker integrated into the dashboard and the large 35-watt subwoofer in the boot.

Climate control
One example of the many lightweight design initiatives is the all-new air conditioning. With its highly efficient cold circulation system and quiet operation, it sets the benchmark in efficiency and comfort. Ideal air distribution was as much the focus of development work as was fast and even windscreen de-icing in frosty temperatures.

The significant weight saving of 2.7 kilograms was achieved via optimised design and packaging.

The Driver Assistance Systems - groundbreaking
The designers of the new SEAT Leon successfully achieved a notable increase in comfort and safety despite the reduction in kerb weight of up to 90 kilograms, with a portfolio of groundbreaking driver assistance systems.

Drowsiness detection: The system analyses the driver's characteristic steering input and continuously evaluates permanent signals like steering angle or steering speed. The drowsiness detection system registers when the driver's concentration is failing and emits an acoustic warning signal supplemented by a display symbol that recommends taking a break. Should the driver elect not to take a break within the subsequent 15 minutes, the warning is repeated. Independently of this, the activated system advises the driver to take a break after four hours of uninterrupted driving.

Full Beam Assist: A camera system integrated into the base of the rear view mirror controls the Full Beam Assist (upwards of 60 km/h), switching automatically between full and dipped beam. It identifies oncoming traffic and vehicles driving in front, as well as illuminated residential areas, thus ensuring that other road users are not dazzled.

Lane-keeping assistant (Heading Control): The camera-based lane-keeping assistant Heading Control makes slight adjustments to the electromechanical steering before the driver deviates from course and crosses a lane marking.

"With the new Leon, we are confident that we have a car that will meet both the rational and emotional needs of our customers. This irresistible combination of design, technology, athletic performance and premium quality will captivate our existing, loyal Leon customers, as well as drawing a whole new generation of fans to SEAT for the first time," says James Muir, President, SEAT S.A.

The Equipment - stylish and individual
The new SEAT Leon will be available for sale on the European market in 2012 - with highly competitive pricing and extensive equipment. The four equipment lines on offer are Leon, Reference, Style and FR.

Furthermore, the new SEAT Leon also comes with a wide range of safety, comfort and sport options. They include full-LED headlamps, front seat arm rests, electric sun roof, automatically dimming rear view mirror, light and rain sensor, the SEAT sound system and the navigation system to name but a few.

Leon
Seven airbags are part of the standard equipment package on all versions of the SEAT Leon. In addition to that are power windows up front, an on-board computer with external temperature display, remote central locking, a height-adjustable driver's seat and Isofix and Top-Tether anchor points in the rear for child seats. The grille is framed in chrome, while the door handles and wing mirrors are painted in body colour. The entry-level Leon stands on 15-inch wheels.

Leon Reference
The Leon Reference comes with several extra comfort features. The extensive standard equipment is complemented by an air conditioning system with manual controls, the Media System Touch and the rear bench back rest with a 60:40 split.

Leon Style
The Leon Style offers compelling value for money. It comes with 16-inch alloy wheels, cruise control, the Media System Colour with six speakers and mobile phone connection via Bluetooth. The multi-function steering wheel is clad in leather and the wing mirrors are heated. The centre console incorporates an arm rest with storage bin, as well as a separate air vent for rear-seat passengers. In terms of interior trims, there are three options: black, black and grey or beige, as well as a choice of three leather trims: black, black and grey or beige, plus an Alcantara trim.

Leon FR
Sporty SEAT variants traditionally bear the FR badge. The Leon FR is recognisable through its 17-inch alloy wheels, fog lamps, cornering lights, sporty bumpers, FR suspension, tinted rear windows, folding wing mirrors and LED rear lights. Inside, it offers aluminium entry sills, a leather-clad sports steering wheel, sports seats with lumbar support, ambient lighting, Climatronic and power windows in the rear. Using the SEAT Drive Profile, the driver can adapt the vehicle settings to suit the driving conditions. The fine sound of the Media System Colour is delivered through eight speakers and the interior trim options consist of black leather or Alcantara.

Car Profiles - Mazda 626 (1993-1998)

1993-1998 Mazda 626

The Good: Available liftback version, space for occupants

The Bad: Not that fuel efficient, engine somewhat underpowered (but has the torque)

The Say: Underneath the bland styling is a fun to drive car.

Go For: 2.0
Avoid: 

Price Range: P90,000-P150,000
Our Rating: ***

Related Reviews:
None as of the Moment

Rolls-Royce Wraith, 2014

 
 
 
  •  Rolls-Royce Wraith, 2014

When Rolls-Royce Motor Cars came to update its Phantom family of models, the words of company co-founder Sir Henry Royce informed everything that designers, engineers and craftspeople set out to achieve: Take the best that exists and make it better.

The historic cri de coeur came to represent the significant improvements made to the marque's pinnacle cars when launched in 2012, and continues to resontate strongly from the design studios to the assembly hall at the Home of Rolls-Royce at Goodwood today.

But that was only part of Royce's famous quote. Take the best that exists and make it better: when it does not exist design it.

These words informed the development of Rolls-Royce Wraith: nothing like it existed in the Rolls-Royce portfolio, nor the wider automotive world.

The expression of when it does not exist, design it is steeped in Rolls-Royce heritage. It can be seen in the pioneering spirit and vehicles that defined the company in the early 20th century. Adventures that took place on land, sea and in the air, that once led Rolls-Royce to three consecutive world speed records.

And of course there was the company's founding forefather, the Honourable Charles Rolls, a man whose appetite for adventure drove him to success in motor racing, ballooning and aviation. He became the first man in history to cross the English Channel and return without stopping in a powered aircraft, an achievement that earned him the highest praise of King George V.

Rolls-Royce Wraith echoes the spirit of these historic endeavours, pushing the boundaries of design and engineering, challenging perceptions and delivering the most dynamic, involving driving experience in the marque's 109 year history. It didn't exist, so Rolls-Royce designed it.

Power, style, drama
In its design, Rolls-Royce Wraith presents a masterpiece of elegant simplicity, exuding poise and the promise of dynamism. There is a sense that this car is ready to move with purpose on its driver's command.

Grace and beauty define the exterior presentation. The swept lines of the fastback, a style whose origins can be found in 1930s automotive design, most clearly signal its purposeful character, one which hints gently at the noir.

Performance complements the drama of exterior styling. A shorter wheelbase, wider rear track, 624 bhp / 465kW derived from the twin turbo V12 and a 0-60 time of 4.4 seconds (0-62, 4.6 seconds) give expression to the car's dynamic looks.

But Wraith is no GT bruiser; it is every inch a refined and luxurious Rolls-Royce, a car where the sense of arrival and joy of the journey are as important as the canvas upon which it is drawn.

Effortless performance, luxurious interior
Wraith debuts the most intelligent drive train ever to feature in a Rolls-Royce, including the application of ground-breaking technologies like Satellite Aided Transmission (SAT). This processes GPS data to predict the driver's next move and automatically select the right gear for the road ahead. Unnecessary gear changes are thus avoided, augmenting the famous Rolls-Royce trait of waftability and ensuring Wraith is constantly poised to deliver on its dynamic promise. Following a sweeping bend, for example, the optimum gear is always pre-selected for effortless acceleration.

Complementing Satellite Aided Transmission, Rolls-Royce Wraith's further dynamic enhancements include a more direct steering response to aid precision in corners, as well as more dynamic spring and damper settings.

Step inside Wraith's coach doors and there is the feeling of going aboard a luxury yacht. It is a serene space for four occupants, who will be cocooned in a striking and contemporary interior furnished in beautiful materials, surrounded by tactile Phantom-grade leathers.

Design details like the expansive Canadel Panelling and blood orange needle tips for speedometer and power reserve gauge hint further at agility, speed and performance. Look upwards however, and Rolls-Royce presents something more traditional - at least for the 21st century. Starlight headliner - offered for the first time beyond the Phantom range - features thousands of tiny fibre optic lamps hand-woven by craftspeople into the roof lining.

It remains one of the company's most endearing and popular features.
The Honourable Charles Rolls
Wraith is a model that draws parallels with the story of founding forefather Honourable Charles Rolls. For like the pioneering Rolls, this car pushes boundaries, taking Rolls-Royce further than it has gone before, challenging then delivering on the promise of pace and adventure.

In a similar vein, this car also embraces the very finest things in life, the elegance and refinement enjoyed by a new generation of confident gentlemen and women. It will establish a reputation as the ultimate gentleman's gran turismo - the car Charles Rolls would have chosen to drive from Paris to Madrid were he alive today. Or from New York to Washington. Or from Shanghai to Beijing. Or from...

DESIGN
Like a world-class athlete poised at the starting blocks, Wraith presents a picture of anticipation and quickens the pulse when viewed for the first time. Without overstatement there is drama and an immediate sense of refined power expressed by its bold fastback design. Wraith exudes effortless style and beauty... derived through elegant simplicity. A high waistline combined with low roof line and raked cabin accelerate the eye rearwards, while tension in its surfaces suggests a car set to move - quickly if necessary.

Unique in character
In terms of sheer presence Wraith is clearly cut from the same luxurious cloth as today's Phantom and Ghost models. Yet it displays cues that can be traced through past generations; effortless poise with accentuated rear overhang, elegant coach doors and, of course, the Spirit of Ecstasy adorning the grille.

But this is a very different model to those of the last century - and stands alone among Rolls-Royce models today. A wider rear track, longer bonnet, raked glass house and deeply recessed pantheon grille, unite in presenting a truly focused car, a Rolls-Royce with its own unique character.

The consummate gentleman's gran turismo, Wraith stands as a contemporary homage to the era of effortless spacious coupés and grand tourers. A time where pioneers and adventurers became legends and their masterful machines objects of desire.

The expression of power
The traditional pantheon grille design has further evolved with Wraith. The cue here is that of a more functionally derived air intake, not unlike that of a jet turbine, giving greater expression to the car's dynamic promise. The grille itself is recessed by 45mm compared with Rolls-Royce Ghost. The surround has also been lengthened by 40mm while the bumper has been designed to incorporate the number plate surround with a focused lower air dam.

Recessed and finished in black, the lower valance mesh helps create depth to echo that of the grille. Chrome blades plant the car, complementing horizontal lines that accelerate the sense of flow around the exterior.

Gentle evolution is also a theme of the 102-year-old Spirit of Ecstasy figurine. Positioned further forward on the grille and angled by five degrees, her eager position draws the eye up and along the bonnet, helping define the development of three harmonious lines: the waftability line, waist line and roof line.

Beauty in profile
In side view, it is the fastback that most clearly sets this latest Rolls-Royce design apart from its thoroughbred stable mates. There is a dramatic combination of linear tension and expressive line that bestows Wraith with such an elegant yet uniquely powerful character.

Developing from the masculine frontal architecture, the linear formality of the waist line gently dips to the rear providing a sense of stability and effortless poise. This combines with the expressive gesture of the window graphic that sweeps downwards to the coach door swage line and gives expression to that essential Rolls-Royce trait of waftability.

Frameless coach doors and the absence of a b-pillar further augment elegance and drama. Perfectly sized to complement long front wings, these are the epitome of effortless entry and egress, but also impart a sense of theatre and occasion that are so important to Rolls-Royce customers. Doors open to reveal an exquisite interior and are closed from inside at the touch of a button.

With all four windows down, the side opening adds length and a sense of waftable debonair to Wraith's character. The elegant chrome side finisher frames this graphic beautifully and pulls the eye seamlessly down onto the rear wheel. For further open view touring enjoyment, a fixed glass roof can also be specified, complete with leather sun blind.

In Rolls-Royce Wraith's design, every detail has been considered; stainless steel door handles for example conceal barrel locks maintaining clean exterior panels. Three new wheels have also been designed to fit like a tailored shoe. Confident yet understated, these include a standard 20" seven spoke design along with optional 21" seven spoke part polished and 21" five-spoke part-polished, bi-colour choices.

Architecture in two-tone
The wide rear track reinforces the promise of Wraith's athletic prowess and powerful intent. Prominent rear shoulders with powerful wheel arches nestle the tapered glasshouse, so beautifully accentuated by the raked rear screen. These design elements present the perfect three dimensional canvas for a two-tone paint scheme that further enhances the unique, architectural design qualities of Wraith and hints at a nautical theme.

The fastback
The origins of fastback design lie in the streamlined design era of the 1930s. Initially popular in America, the word fastback soon came to define the spirit of adventure and dynamism that epitomised early and mid 20th century European sporting and GT cars.

Rather than take inspiration from any one car, Wraith simply evokes the alluring pedigree of some of the most iconic designs from this influential era.

Creating a visible distinction between a sporting GT and a true Rolls-Royce was very much key to the success of Wraith's modern design statement. Whilst the striking silhouette of the long fastback hints at a sporting dynamic, Wraith is clearly a consummate gentleman's gran turismo. The perfect balance has been struck between the visual language of the fastback's heyday and a thoroughly contemporary Rolls-Royce motor car. Traditional high-seating position and Rolls-Royce proportions remain, leaving the beholder in no doubt that it is true to the marque's DNA.

Wraith presents the perfect marriage of glamour and refinement, as well as an underlying, brooding sense that power and drama lie beneath. One can imagine that this Rolls-Royce in particular would perfectly match the inimitable lifestyle of adventure and speed enjoyed by Rolls-Royce's founding forefather the Honourable Charles Rolls.

Luxurious interior
Rolls-Royce Wraith's coach doors open to present an inviting, harmonious interior space - one with every possible comfort, delivered in a thoroughly modern way.

The eye is immediately drawn to the contemporary panelling that elegantly adorns the inside of the doors and sweeps round the entire lower space. Finished in either wood or leather, the effect draws the eye quickly around the cabin, similar in dynamic effect to the clean fastback style of the exterior.

Canadel Panelling
Wraith's mellow interior is the perfect space to present the debut of a very special new wood treatment , Canadel Panelling, a beautiful open grain wood. Tactile and with a light satin finish that retains the material's natural texture, this crafted wood contributes to the cabin's warm, contemporary ambiance, evoking the interior feel of a fine, super-luxury yacht.

In this wood configuration, the car stands as a testament to the skills of craftspeople in the wood shop at the home of Rolls-Royce in Goodwood, England. Every detail has been carefully considered; the veneer gently curved to hug the contours of the doors, delighting the eye as well as increasing space for occupants. In orientation the grain is angled at 55 degrees increasing dynamic flow through the interior. Echoing the wood craftsmanship of its pinnacle stable mate Phantom, Canadel Panelling is bookmatched throughout, creating a perfect mirror image through the centre console and featuring a contemporary chevron pattern that runs through the centre of the car, adding to the sense of cutting edge dynamic.

Dynamism... and delicacy
The dynamic theme is reinforced when viewed from the driver's seat. Black chrome dials are framed by a black horseshoe sweep. Blood orange tips to gauge indicators pay homage to the marque's aviation heritage whilst the steering-wheel is thicker rimmed to build dynamic intent.

Detailed with a delicate subtlety, the interior complements Wraith's dramatic exterior aesthetic. Four individual seats cosset driver and occupants ensuring the most involving Rolls-Royce driving experience ever, whilst never compromising on pinnacle standards of comfort and contemporary elegance. Touches like the chrome bullet tips to recessed piping on the seat panels further enhances the sense of a vehicle tailored for performance.

The finest Phantom-grade natural grain leather adds to the luxury, its tactility unequalled in the motor industry. Detailing to armrests and panniers reinforce the opulence, inspired in their design by fine saddle-making.

Light from darkness
The Rolls-Royce principle of effortlessness has informed designers' thinking throughout. Perfectly appointed storage compartments for two iPads add convenience for rear seat passengers, whilst automatic door closing buttons located behind the a-pillar aid those in the front.

Warm and serene, Wraith's interior lighting bathes occupants in gentle light. Beyond this, additional ambient lighting comes on request - courtesy of reading lights above c-pillars and waterfall roof lights that deliver increased but unobtrusive illumination with a hint of Art Deco influence.

One of the marque's most popular Bespoke features is now available to complete the glamour that befits this stunning new Rolls-Royce interior. Starlight Headliner presents a starry night sky within the cabin, an effect that is achieved with 1,340 individual fibre optic lights hand-woven into the leather roof-lining by craftspeople in the Rolls-Royce Leathershop.

ENGINEERING
One hundred years ago Rolls-Royce entered the gruelling 1913 Alpine trial with four 75hp cars. It won six awards, including the Archduke Leopold Cup.

Under the stewardship of founding forefather Sir Henry Royce, engineering credentials that had been established through events like the London to Edinburgh top gear trial in 1911, were further reinforced by this astonishing achievement. A series of Alpine Eagle cars were subsequently produced by the company.

But 1913 also represented another dynamic milestone for the company, one which the Honourable Charles Rolls would have cherished, had he not tragically perished in an aircraft accident two years earlier.

For in that year, Don Carlos de Salamanca took to the wheel of a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost and won the first ever Spanish Grand Prix. The victory built on racing success such as the 1906 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy, where Rolls himself had triumphed in a Light Twenty.

After 190 miles of competing, the grand prix winner emerged relaxed and serene, a picture that continues to define the Rolls-Royce driving experience today. The power that underpins any modern Rolls-Royce is always delivered effortlessly, never brutally.

Rolls-Royce engineers were acutely aware that the most powerful Rolls-Royce in history would have to deliver dynamism and agility, without any hint of compromise to the famous magic carpet ride. Wraith stands as a testament to their skills, the ultimate gran turismo, and a car that remains true to values of quality, luxury and excellence in engineering.

Drivetrain
Wraith is the most powerful Rolls-Royce ever to have played host to the famous Spirit of Ecstasy figurine. It develops 624 bhp, from a 6.6 litre twin-turbo V12, an engine that features direct petrol injection to maximise efficiency and reduce emissions. Should they wish to take advantage of the extraordianary power at their disposal, drivers may choose to be propelled from rest to 60 mph in just 4.4 seconds (0-62 mph, 4.6 seconds) and on to an electronically governed top speed of 155 mph.

Power is transmitted - effortlessly - thanks to an eight speed, automatic ZF transmission. The combination of powerful engine and sophisticated transmission leads to immediate power delivery with 800 Nm of torque available to the driver from 1,500 rpm.

The sense of scale is illustrated deftly by the power reserve gauge on the fascia. This reveals how much power is available should it be needed - or simply desired - by the driver at any time during a journey.

Rolls-Royce Wraith also features the ability to multi-shift down gears. When the accelerator is pushed rapidly, the car knows that the driver is seeking to maximise acceleration and it moves directly to an appropriate lower gear.

Satellite Aided Transmission (SAT) - a new technology
Abundant power comes effortlessly thanks to Rolls-Royce Wraith's powerful V12 twin-turbo engine married to an eight-speed automatic transmission. But Satellite Aided Transmission technology takes the powertrain to a new level of effortless delivery, one that perfectly suits the Rolls-Royce brand.

Satellite Aided Transmission uses GPS data to see beyond what the driver sees; it anticipates his next move based on location and current driving style, then selects the most appropriate gear for the terrain ahead. Corners, motorway junctions and roundabouts are all anticipated in advance, meaning Wraith is constantly poised to deliver on its promise of performance.

A more polished, effortless driving experience and even better response brings a new, more dynamic dimension to the famous Rolls-Royce trait, waftability.

With eight years experience as electronic and systems engineer with the BMW Formula 1 team - and subsequent experience in the BMW engine development department - Product manager Philip Harnett was instrumental in bringing the technology to Rolls-Royce Wraith.

In context, the benefits of Satellite Aided Transmission become clear. Consider piloting Wraith in its natural environment, through the twisting roads of an Alpine pass for example. While negotiating a hairpin, approaching an inviting series of bends, the car knows its location; it sees what you are seeing, but importantly is also anticipating what is to come.

It knows when a sweeping curve approaches and can predict how you wish to drive through it. Easing off the accelerator tells Wraith that this is no cruise on a straight country road. Rather, the driver is controlling speed to negotiate a series of bends. Instead of shifting up a gear to allow more relaxed cruising, the lower gear is held, thereby ensuring the powertrain is perfectly primed and ready to accelerate from the corner.

Body
Wraith is built around a steel monocoque body, which means there is no separation of chassis and body. The advantage of this construction is a reduction in exterior dimensions whilst maximising interior space.

The body has been engineered with a double front bulkhead to help insulate the interior from engine noise. It is constructed from steel sections and then wrapped in steel panels, which are brazed by hand. This allows a seamless join, which is then sanded by hand until it is perfect. In total, 6,364 individual spot-welds are applied to Rolls-Royce Wraith. In addition, 900m laser welded seams between the side panel and c-pillar and fully laser welded water drain in trunk compartment maintain the aesthetic purity of the car.

Chassis and suspension
The chassis and suspension set-up urge a sense of adventure in the driver, an inference to be immediately drawn when first placing hands on Rolls-Royce Wraith's slightly thicker steering wheel.

Compared with Rolls-Royce Ghost, the rear axle is 24 mm wider, the wheelbase is 183 mm shorter and the centre of gravity nearer the road thanks to a reduction in height of 50 mm.

The car's suspension has been tuned to minimise body roll and discreetly amplify feedback when cornering; while steering weight is heavier at high speeds and lighter at low speeds adding to the spirited drive.

These agility improvements have been achieved with absolutely no compromise to the sensation of riding on a bed of air.

A combination of double-wishbone front suspension and multi-link rear suspension, which work with an intelligent, four-cornered, air-suspension system and electronic variable damping, maintain the hallmark 'magic carpet ride'. The refinement is extraordinary; the smallest of changes can be detected by the air suspension and body roll is minimised through bends accordingly.

Multiple inputs from sensors in and around the car are constantly processed by a complex computer system. Individual load calculations are made by the dampers every 2.5 milliseconds. The benefits are outstanding comfort but also poise and assurance for the driver.

In addition, composure on virtually any surface is assured thanks to a series of electronic driver assistance systems. As one would expect this includes anti-roll stabilisation, dynamic stability control including dynamic traction control, together with cornering brake control and dynamic brake control.

These technologies work in harmony under dual integrated chassis management systems. So Wraith remains poised, even when subjected to a vigorous test. Both in terms of handling and safety, these systems operate as one. And of course, they work imperceptibly to driver and passengers.

CONNECTIVITY
For over a century a Rolls-Royce motor car has featured technologies designed to operate discreetly, thereby delivering a driving experience that is as effortless and enjoyable as possible. These assist the driver when called upon, but are prepared to return without fuss to the background when no longer required.

In the 21st century, the drive to improve the famous Rolls-Royce trait of effortlessness takes on a new persona. For while advances in mechanical and electrical technology deliver systems like head-up display, adaptive headlights and Wraith's keyless opening boot, improvements in connectivity have taken the human-machine interface to a new level of sophistication.

Wraith presents the most comprehensive example of effortless connectivity in the Rolls-Royce portfolio, a network where communication between car, environment and driver helps lower the pulse, ease the journey and delight its occupants. It could almost be likened to a contemporary on-board valet, a service fit for the Honourable Charles Rolls were he alive today.

Voice activated navigation
Service starts - as one might expect - with a one-touch call button. Located on the steering wheel, this allows navigation, telephone and other commands to be directed straight into Wraith's on-board computer. The car's response is then displayed on a 10.25" High Definition screen - rich in depth and colour - located in the dashboard.

Finding a destination, for example, no longer requires manual input from the navigation menu. For example the driver with a lunch date at the Ritz Hotel in London would merely command Wraith to "Navigate to Piccadilly in London".

Its location is found automatically without effort and route assistance begins immediately, on-screen and via audio guidance. And also through head-up display, where the Driver Assistance package has been specified.

Should any hold up occur en route, Real Time Traffic Information (RTTI) is summoned to minimise inconvenience. In addition to sources used by Traffic Message Channel (traffic messages from police and jam sensors) RTTI uses data processed from the location of mobile phones fitted to commercial vehicle fleets and in taxis. This data is collated anonymously via a traffic control centre, with updates sent to Wraith every three minutes.

Green, yellow, orange and red are used to illustrate traffic flow on chosen roads. When twenty or more minutes are likely to be added to any given journey, an alternative route is plotted. Information including additional mileage and predicted time saving by choosing this alternative is also presented to the driver.

Of course, in such circumstances the driver may wish to call their companion to advise of a delay. Once again Rolls-Royce Wraith makes this as effortless as possible with the same one touch system. The command "Call Penny Jones" automatically connects the call.

At the end of the conversation, a command such as "Play BBC Radio 4" will return the driver directly to the in-car entertainment options.

RR Connect App
Effortless navigation is extended to searches with a mobile device when away from Wraith - once a client has downloaded the free Rolls-Royce Connect App.

Consider a business meeting for example, where the need to locate and visit a venue off-site has been identified. From the application menu on an iPhone or iPad, this is easily found; then by selecting 'send to car', on returning to Wraith navigation guidance will commence immediately.

Additional features of the RR Connect App include news updates displayed via RSS, web radio streamed directly into the cabin and Google local search.

Spirit of Ecstasy Rotary Controller
In 2013, the famous Spirit of Ecstasy figurine celebrates her 102nd birthday. More than any other symbol of luxury, the flying lady stands as a genuine icon, one whose beautiful image continues to adorn the grille, but is now also reproduced within Wraith's cabin, gently rotating on-screen when the engine is started. It is also depicted within the crystal glass surface of the new rotary controller.

This Spirit of Ecstasy Rotary Controller presents a touch pad (rather than a touch screen which might leave unsightly fingerprints at driver and passenger eye level), with the ability to 'write' characters by finger, as well as the ability to scroll through function menus by turning the chrome dial and pressing down to select its functions.

The Rotary Controller's touch pad also allows 'pull and pinch' features, replicating intuitive smart phone functionality. These help occupants pinpoint chosen areas on the screen or help to make them larger. For example, different areas of a map can be found by moving a finger across the touch pad, whilst street resolution can be made larger or smaller by pinching or pulling.

A pointer function allows menu options to be selected more quickly. The inclusion of inputs by written text, for example where a name and number must be added via the telephone menu is an additional improvement. Wraith recognises English, Latin and Arabic characters as well as Mandarin, to assist drivers in the company's second largest global market, mainland China, where character selection can otherwise be a time-consuming process.

Voice Activated Email and Text Messaging
Voice activation commands can also be used to send emails and text messages, safely, conveniently and directly from the car.

This starts by choosing the function via the Spirit of Ecstasy Rotary Controller, then by selecting either 'speech to text' or 'speech to email' in the sub menu. Once again, the driver need only speak to 'write' the content of a message. When complete, the command "send email to John Smith" launches the email programme.

Following review (if needed) the email is sent by the command 'send'.

Taking the best sound system, and making it better

Rolls-Royce employs experts for all aspects of high-end craftsmanship, from hand-painted coach lines to finely-tuned audio systems. Today Wraith presents a bespoke audio system that has been specially optimised by experts for stereo and multi-channel sources, that - naturally - incorporates the finest hardware and latest advances in connectivity.

Wraith's on-board hard drive holds 20.5 GB of storage, meaning it can host approximately 5,700 items of music downloaded via the USB port located within the centre console or glove compartment. iPod and iPad connection allows the importation of music, but also podcast and audio book downloads. Bluetooth audio streaming is an option too, from one of two phones that can be paired with equal functionality.

A number of music searches can be made via the Spirit of Ecstasy Rotary Controller, including a "play more like this" function while online Gracenote® access for CDs with hit selection make navigating music collections an easy experience. But it is the sound quality itself that places Rolls-Royce Wraith at the pinnacle of in-car audio.

Finely tuned by Rolls-Royce experts, the system takes the best features and components to produce a sound that is rich in quality and depth. DIRAC settings, 'studio' and 'theatre' guarantee optimal aural pleasure, for a pure, original sound or 'larger than live' sensation within the car.

The fully active 18-channel amplifier delivers surround sound through 18 speakers. This includes two central bass speakers located in the boot, seven tweeters, seven mid-range and two 'exciter' speakers in the headliner bringing the sound sensation to ear level.

Maximum power output is 1,300W. But the set-up is also very sensitive. A microphone measures the ambient exterior noise, with the digital processing unit using this information to adjust volume and tone settings automatically, ensuring the system is always perfectly set-up. DIRAC technology complements this, with frequency and phase correction for individual speakers, eliminating potential loud and dead spots caused by reflections from windows.

SAFETY AND TECHNOLOGY
As one would expect of a Rolls-Royce, no technical avenue has been left unexplored to ensure occupant safety.

The Advanced Crash Management system (ACSM) for example, utilises sensors placed around the car to make 2,000 measurements per second. This data ensures the car deploys the correct safety features in the event of an accident.

A combination of seat belts with force limiters and smart airbags help protect occupants in the event of a severe impact. Those in the front seats have the reassurance of knee airbags and intelligent front airbags which feature graduated output and adaptive vents ensuring that the strength of bag deployment directly responds to the severity of a collision.

In the event of a lateral collision, an integrated head airbag system, whose curtain extends to cover the side window areas in their entirety, protect against an impact with the vehicle structure, as well as from glass splinters. Side airbags in the front seat offer further extended protection.

Illuminating Active Safety
Wraith incorporates a selection of technologies designed to improve illumination at night, protecting occupants and improving safety for other road users.

Night vision technology, for example, now includes warning messages, as well as automatic brake preparation to support evasive action should an accident be imminent. Infrared cameras located in the upper corner of the grille are used to project a thermal image on-screen, an image which highlights warm objects, but which also identifies specific hazards on the road between 15m and 200 m ahead.

Pedestrians and animals such as cattle and deer are shown, and where a hazard is identified, they are accompanied by a yellow, triangular warning symbol on-screen and via the head-up display function. Depending on the position and movement of the hazard relative to the car, the triangular image turns red. An audible warning alerts the driver to imminent danger, and brakes are preconditioned to reduce the stopping distance if the situation becomes critical.

When driving in dark conditions a camera monitors the road ahead, automatically dipping the headlights when a light-source is present - once it passes, lights will effortlessly return to full-beam.

Wraith also comes with a groundbreaking third brake light, located above the rear windscreen. A first in the motor industry, this feature incorporates two LEDs at either end of a light bar and prism technology to deliver an unbroken, clear red light across its length. This illuminates more quickly and presents a brighter warning for drivers of following vehicles. And contributes to the uncluttered simplicity of Wraith's exterior design.

In the event of an accident Auto eCall ensures that the emergency services are immediately aware of the incident's location. If a driver is unable to respond to telephone calls, the car automatically alerts emergency services to its location via GPS positioning.

Active Cruise Control (ACC)
Effortless cruising in the city and on the open road is delivered by Wraith's Active Cruise Control system. Radar-camera sensors monitor the car ahead, increasing or decreasing speed to maintain the perfect gap. New to Wraith, ACC now also reacts to static vehicles, assisting in urban driving conditions.

iBrake 6
The iBrake 6 function uses information from the radar sensor and front camera to help the driver stop quickly and with maximum efficiency should an emergency situation arise. Working with the early or late crash warning system, the pedal reacts to the force applied to it, pre-filling the brake pedal and reducing the amount of pressure required to brake suddenly.

The system also alerts the driver with a series of warnings, urging action via the head-up display and on-screen. If no action is taken a further audible and visual warning is given. The active third brake light also flashes under emergency braking.

Top View Cameras
Effortless motoring in both the city and on the open road is augmented by a sophisticated series of cameras discreetly placed around the car. Rear, front and 360 degree top view cameras ensure total ease of manoeuvrability.

When working in combination, the cameras are able to provide a 'fish-eye' view at blind junctions, whilst parking is made more effortless through obstacle recognition and reverse path prediction on-screen.

Used Car Review - Toyota Corona (1993-1999)

Our last candidate for the elections, despite the name, tries to win the general buyers' wallets as well as the seat. Myk Belmonte invites you to discover a rather forgotten name.

1993-1999 Toyota Corona

History
If the 90s premium sedans had an election back in year 1995 (this was the time Fidel Ramos was president), the Accord would definitely be Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (she used a senator) since this topped the polls as well as the sales leader for that category. The Mitsubishi Galant and Toyota Corona would be Francisco Tatad and Gregorio Honasan II in the sales charts due to the fact while they sold well, they are not as that visible as the sales leader. The Mazda 626 and Nissan Altima fared outside the top 12 since these two are not popular among buyers of this category. Worse, the Altima can be compared with Rosemarie Arenas, who placed 19 out of 20 candidates.

The T190 Corona, as what I am featuring in this review, was made available in March 1992 in most international markets under the Corona and Carina names. Sold in sedan, liftback, station wagon, hardtop sedan, and even a van version. Interestingly enough, this was the last that those outside Japan can buy and drive a brand new Corona, as the T210 model was only exclusive for the Japanese market. Toyota pulled the plug for international markets in 1998.

Filipinos had a love affair with Coronas (not the disposed Chief Justice nor the imported beer from Mexico), but with a Toyota badge. You get the image but with the maintenance costs of a Corolla, that was the appeal of the Corona locally. The T190 was made available in 1993 and did battle with the Accord and Galant. Time had passed in which the Camry replaced this vehicle in 1998, although you can buy one until 1999, which are basically leftover units. From launch, the only trim available is the EX Saloon but one year after the 1995 revision, the Exsior model was introduced with extended bumpers and red/amber tail lamps. The Exsior spawned a second model, the LE which had leather upholstery.

Value and Costs
This vehicle is a victim of low residuals that targets premium sedans having an engine displacement of two liters. Not also to be helped by the discontinued nameplate, T190 Coronas can be acquired in the range of P120,000-P180,000. In that range, direct rivals of the same period can be had for the same sum. Either way, careful research is the key since the Corona targets those who want things smooth.

Common problems that hit the T190 involves the leak from the pump and rack, map sensor, water leak in the trunk, power antenna, and the suspension bushing. But despite these maladies, you can buy parts easily and they are cheap. Fuel economy is no match to a 1.6 Corolla GLi of a same time.

Exterior and Interior
European inspired is the term to describe the outside of the Corona, but the car remains Japanese at heart. 1993 to early 1995 models have their license plates mounted in the rear bumper, as opposed to the facelift's integrated to the trunk. 1995 saw its bumpers, both front and back, sporting a black trim and a three piece spoiler was made standard. Exsior models have (and can be distinguished by their) extended bumpers, and the mix of red and amber tail lamps. It is understated luxury here, but with the European touch.

Inside, it is your typical Toyota interior. Controls are legible and placed within reasonable distance from the driver. Interestingly enough, climate controls are more of the rotator type (which is common among cars nowadays) than the slide ones which are vogue during that time. Black finish was used and faux wood is only available on the Exsior LE. Most models have fabric seats but the Exsior LE gets leather seating, and other exclusive items include an air purifier and the above mentioned wood trim. Airbags and ABS Brakes come standard with 1995 and later models. Interior room is definitely excellent, but driver visibility is somewhat poor no thanks to the high cowl, high dashboard layout, and low seating position.

Engine
There is only one engine option for PHDM Coronas back then. It is a 3S-FE 1,998cc which carries 126hp at 5,600rpm and 177Nm at 4,400rpm. A strength typical for Toyotas are available power in the low to mid revs, but go beyond 5,000rpm it loses stream. But then, if you have the love for modification, slapping in a 3S-GE or 3S-GTE is a cake and you'll be driving like the devil in no time.

Driving Impressions
Let me remind you one thing, the Corona is not a treat for the driver due to the seats positioned very low, and a dull steering. It does not drive like a barge, but since it is a smooth operator, your passengers would love it more, thanks to the large space in the rear.

Verdict
The Corona is one outstanding premium sedan from the noughties, buy one if you want comfort for less cash. But if economy is a priority, a 1.6 vehicle from the same period is a better choice. Besides, both of them have the same prices and there is the freedom of choice for the buyer. Vote (or shall I say buy) wisely.



The Good:
  • Smooth ride
  • Reliable
  • Reasonable amount of interior room
The Bad:
  • Not great on higher rpms
  • Fuel guzzler
  • Good luck if the power steering fluid leaks
The Pick: EX Saloon

THE SPECS
Engine: 1,998cc 3S-FE I4 gasoline
Power: 126hp @ 5,600rpm
Torque: 177Nm @ 4,400rpm
Fuel Consumption: 4-7km/L (city), 7-10km/L (highway) (*estimated and varies)
Transmission: 5-speed manual, 4-speed automatic
Suspension: No data available

MORE INFO
Price (New): P800,000-P900,000 (estimated)
Price (Now): P120,000-P180,000
Rivals: Honda Accord, Mitsubishi Galant, Nissan Altima, Mazda 626
On Sale: 1993-1999 (production until 1998)
Resources:

Contacts:
Toyorama - (02) 712-0105

Photos courtesy of http://sulit.com.ph/11465552

Renault Espace, 2013

 
 
 
  •  Renault Espace, 2013

Twenty-eight years after the launch of the original, New Renault Espace continues the model's success story which has seen sales exceed 1.2 million units.

New Renault Espace features Renault's new styling identity which reasserts the model's personality by ensuring an even more dynamic stance. As is the case with all the brand's new vehicles, the Renault logo is more prominent, more upright and stands out even more clearly against a broad black grille bar which is itself picked out by chrome strips.

Other details which accentuate New Espace's more dynamic, status-enhancing looks include new 'Hurlingham' wheel trims and new 'Monterey' and 'Dark Eptius' alloy wheels.

The elegantly-appointed cabin of the Initiale Paris version has been embellished with visible stitching for the model's hallmark dashboard. The sensation of comfort and wellbeing for all occupants is further emphasised by the leather and Alcantara® upholsteries.

Even greater respect for the environment: CO2 emissions reduced by 20g/km (equivalent to a fuel consumption saving of 0.8 litres/100km) for the diesel version, and by 6g/km (0.3 litres/100km) in the case of the petrol version.

Coupled to a six-speed manual gearbox, the 130hp, 150hp and 175hp versions of the 2.0 dCi engine (M9R) emit just 150g of CO2/km (a saving of 20g/km), equivalent to fuel consumption of 5.7 litres/100km (down 0.8 litres/100km). The state 'eco-surtax' applicable in France has come down accordingly by €550.

Mated to automatic transmission, the same engines emit 169g of CO2/km (a saving of 20g/km), equivalent to fuel consumption of 6.4 litres/100km (down 0.8 litres/100km). Here again, the 'eco-surtax' applied by the French state has been reduced by €550.

The 175hp version with manual gearbox delivers the segment's lowest CO2 emissions for its power output.

With the 2.0 dCi engine under the bonnet, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions have come down by 1.7 litres/100km and 27g/km respectively over a period of six years since this powerplant became available for Espace in 2006.

In the case of the 2.0-litre turbocharged petrol engine (F4Rt), CO2 emissions have fallen to 198g/km (a saving of 6g/km), equivalent to fuel consumption of 8.5 litres/100km (down 0.3 litres/100km).

These results were achieved by the engineers' work on:
  •     Evolutions to the diesel engines: introduction of ESM technology (braking and deceleration energy recovery), a variable displacement oil pump, advanced cooling management and cold loop EGR (exhaust gas recirculation).
  •     Chassis and running gear improvements: a three-percent improvement in CdA thanks to revised underbody shielding, plus new low rolling resistance tyres and electro-hydraulic power steering.

The MPV's pioneer continues to be perfected
All the strengths that have helped forge Renault Espace's success have been carried over to the latest version, including vast cabin space and a modular layout, as well as a level of comfort and visibility that all occupants will appreciate.

New Renault Espace continues to propose the large seven-seat MPV segment's most occupant-friendly cabin, including seven real seats and a brightly lit interior thanks to a large opening sunroof.

New Renault Espace's upholstery features an innovative textile which repels water- and oil-based liquids. Renault is the first carmaker to propose Teflon® Automotive High Protection textile which protects individual fibres without affecting their appearance, comfort or feel. This innovation is particularly ideal for family vehicles since it prevents stains from becoming incrusted and facilitates the cleaning of upholsteries to ensure they maintain their 'new' feel durably.

To facilitate manoeuvring and parking, New Renault Espace is available with a reversing camera. The driver benefits from precise indications thanks to a graphic overlay of the vehicle's volumes on the colour image displayed on the screen of the navigation system's screen which is positioned centrally and high up on the dashboard.

Available for Espace, irrespective of equipment level, is a DVD player complete with two seven-inch screens built into the back of the front head rests. This multimedia feature will delight children and is a factory-fitment in order to ensure an irreproachable quality finish and less risk of theft.

New Renault Espace's equipment list continues with a range of technologies designed to take the stress out of motoring and make life easier for occupants. Standard features for all versions include connected Carminat TomTom Live® navigation system, a hands-free card, an electronic parking brake and comprehensive connectivity (Bluetooth® audio streaming, AUX and USB sockets).

Last but not least, New Renault Espace's cabin layout is as modular as ever thanks to seat rails which enable the seats to be positioned exactly according to the needs of the moment. New Renault Espace's interior can be rearranged at will to guarantee the highest level of comfort for up to seven occupants.

New Renault Espace, which is manufactured at Renault's Sandouville factory (France), comes with the guarantee of Renault's design, build and dynamic quality, as well as carefully selected materials to maintain the model's status as a modern incarnation of French-made, high-end luxury.

RENAULT ESPACE: THE SUCCESS STORY OF A PIONEER
In the course of a career which has so far spanned 28 years, Renault Espace has won over an extremely high number of loyal customers, with sales of the model exceeding 1.2 million units in Europe.

At the time of its launch in 1984, Renault Espace established the revolutionary MPV concept which was the fruit of cooperation between Renault and Matra.

1984 - Espace 1: Espace was revealed to the media in April before going on sale the following July. Its modular layout took the automotive world by surprise, since it was possible to remove the five rear seats altogether or even create a cosy 'lounge' feel by swivelling the front seats to face rearwards. The model epitomised Renault's 'Les Voitures à Vivre' ('cars for living') slogan.

1991 - Espace II: the second-generation Espace was even more dynamic and its lines were softer. The extremely slim windscreen pillars were concealed by the side windows, while the mirrors were a fluid extension of the bodywork. The car was even more user-friendly thanks to the introduction of rails to fix the rear seats. The combination of a V6 powerplant and automatic transmission underpinned Espace high-end status.

1996 - Espace III: the third generation of the model saw an increase in Espace's overall dimensions. An extended version, Grand Espace (27cm longer), was introduced in January 1998. Espace III marked the end of the collaboration between Renault and Matra with regard to this model.

2002 - Espace IV: the latest-generation version is made entirely by Renault at the firm's Sandouville plant, in northern France. It is built on the same platform as Laguna 2 and Vel Satis. Its assertive personality is expressed by tauter, more modern lines which confirm its high-end status in the large MPV segment. The most prominent innovation was the fact that its bodywork is now made from steel and no longer from composite materials. Another innovation was the moving of the climate control unit from the engine bay to beneath the cabin floor.

2012 - The story continues… Invented 28 years ago, Espace continues to be stand out as a model ahead of its time thanks to a succession of detail changes which have merely served to confirm its original DNA.